Cannizzaro’s Reaction

The reaction in which the carbonyl compound (having no alpha hydrogen) is treated with base (NaOH or KOH) to produce alcohol and Carboxylate ion is called Cannizzaro’s reaction.

The cannizzro,s reaction is given by the aldehydes which has no alpha hydrogen.
The aldehyde oxidizes to carboxylate ion and reduced to alcohol.
Cannizzaro’s reaction is disproportionation reaction.
The reaction in which same molecule oxidizes and reduced simultaneously is called disproportionation reaction..

Question:- Which compounds gives Cannizzaro’s reaction out of the following compounds and why?

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Answer:-Compounds A and C gives Cannizzaro’s reaction because they have absence of alpha hydrogen atom.

Diazotization Reaction

In diazotization Reaction, The aniline is treated with nitrous acid ( a mixture of sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid) at temperature 0⁰ to 5⁰Celsius ( 273 K to 278 K ) to produce diazonium chloride.

Nitrous acid is produce in the reaction mixture by treating NaNO₂with HCl

NaNO₂+ HCl —> HNO₂ + NaCl

Diazonium salt is highly unstable and can explode at little higher temperature therefore it is prepared at lower temperature (0⁰ to 5⁰Celsius).

Diazonium salt can not be separated and product mixture is used for further reaction because diazonium salt is highly unstable and explode on distillation (on heating).

Diazonium salt is very much important in organic synthesis as for preparation of large number of organic compounds, it is precursor (Reactant).

Aldol Condensation Reaction

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Hoffmann Bromamide Degradation Reaction

1.In this reaction amide is treated with bromine in presence of sodium hydroxide to prepare primary amine.
2.This method is used to prepare only primary amine not secondary and tertiary amine.
3.In this reaction product has one carbon less than reactant that’s why it is called degradation reaction.